Condenser construction



Dec. 15, 1931. F. s. sMlvTH CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION F. S. SMITH GONDENSER CONSTRUCTION Dec. l5, 1931.

3 Sheets-Sheet.

Original Filed Feb. l5, 1924 INVENTOR.

Defz. 15, 1931. F. s. SMITH CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION Original Filed Feb. l5, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheetl 3 INVENTOR'.

Patented Dec. l5, 1931 PATENT OFFICE FRANKLIN S. BETH, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK OONDENSER NSTRUCTION' Applicationl led February 15, 1924, Serial No. 898,147. Renewed Hay 9, 1929.

My invention relates to condensers, ada ted for use in connection with high tens1on electrical apparatus, and it has for its general object to provide a condenser of simple 5 but novel construction which shall have high permittance and etliciency.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a condenser comprising plates of new Y and novel construction, the said plates being. of a character such that each is a duplicate or replica of the other and such that the spacing thereof in the condenser structure is greatest at points Where spark-over is most liable to occur, and least where spark-over is less liable to occur.

Another object of the invention is to provide a condenser having plates each of which comprises a tapered truncated cone portion the inner edges of which portion are joined by a spherical segment having the smallest practical radius, and annular flange portions projecting from the outer edge of the said truncated portion.

Another and further object of the invention is to provide an improved and novel construction of means for supporting the two groups of said plates within a tank or receptacle in insulated relation with respect to each other in which a minimum of solid dielectric is used.

A further object ofthe invention is to provide a novel construction of`means for adjusting and centering the plates of one of said groups with respect to the plates of the other group.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be pointed out in the detailed description thereof which follows or will be- 40 come apparent from such description.

In order that the invention may be readily understood and its practical advantages fully appreciated reference may be had to the accompanying drawings in which I have illustrated one convenient form of mechanical embodiment of the said invention. However, it will be understood that the invention is susceptible of embodiment in other forms of construction than thaiJ shown and that various changes in the details of construction may be made within the scope of the claims without departing therefrom.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal and vertical sectional view taken along the line 1 1 of Figs. 55 5 and 6 of the drawings;

Fig. 2 is a -View in side elevation of a condenser embodying the invention;

Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are transverse sectional views respectively taken along the lines 3 3, 60 4 4, 5 5 and 6 6 of Fig. 1 of the drawings;

Fig. 7 is a' View in plan of one of the condenser plates; and

Fig. 8 is a like view showing the plate turned through an angle of twenty-two and a half degrees (221/20) or one-sixteenth (fr) of a circle.

Referring to the drawings: 1 designates a pressed metal tank the upper or top end of which is closed by means of a head or cover 2 of bowed shape, the opposite edge portions of which pro'ect into and contact with the inner sides o the upper end portion of the tank 1. The cover having been placed, as indicated, in position, it is secured to the adjacent upper end portions of the side Walls of the tank 1 by welding. The cover is not placed in position, however, until after the interior mechanism of the condenser structure has been inserted and placed in position.

Each of the condenser plates 3 comprises a tapered truncated cone-shaped portion 4,

, a central spherical portion 5 and an outwardly extending flange portion 6. The radius of curvature ofthe spherical portion 5 should be as small as may be found to be practical, having in the structure represented by the drawing a radius of one and one-quarter (l1/L) inches.

Each of the said plates is provided with a number, eight, of relatively large openin 7 (see Fig. 8) spaced at equal intervals with in the laterally extending flange portion 6. These openings 7 alternate with openings 10 spaced at equal intervals in the flanges 6.

The plates are divided into two groups one of which is supported upon a series of eight rods 12, while the other grou of plates is supported upon a series of eig t rods 13. It Will be' observed that the distances between the axes of the rods of the respective roups of rods are one-eighth of the circum erence of a circle passing through the said axes.

The rods 12 at their lower ends are secured to an annular member 15 having a depending or downwardly extending flange 16 within which lugs 17 are secured (see F1gs. 1 and 4). There are six of these lugs 1n the construction as shown but the number may be 1ncreased or diminished as may be desired. Their outer ends contact with the inner side of the wall of the tank-1 so as to center the structure comprising the condenser plates within the said tank as it is lowered thereinto.

The rods 12 are provided adjacent their` lower ends with metal sleeves20 which in longitudinal section are slightly concaved as shown (see Fig. 1). The lower ends of these sleeves rest upon the upper ends of bosses 21 which project upwardly from the annular member 15. The flange 6 of the lowermost of the plates 3 rests'upon the upper ends of the sleeves 20. The succeeding flanges 6 of alternate plates are supported upon the upper ends of metal sleeves 22 mounted upon the rods 12. These sleeves are of similar shape and contour to that of the sleeve 20 but are of less length as shown. Resting upon the uppermost sleeves 22 upon the rods 12 1s a metal plate member 23 the outer surface of which is of the same shape and configuration as the condenser plates 3 to which reference has been previously made. rlhe said plate 23 1s provided with relatively large openings 24 therein which are arranged in alternate relation with respect to smaller openings 25. The latter openings are of such size that the rods 12 fit snugly therein.

The upper ends of the rods 12 extend through relatively large openings 26 (see also Fig. 6) within the outwardly and laterally exten-ding flange of a truncated cone-shaped plate member 27, open at its upper end as indicated at 29. The said rods also extend through openings 35 inthe laterally and outwardly'extending'flange 36 of a truncated cone-shaped plate member 37 the upper .end of which is closed as indicated at 38. The said closed upper end portion isgprovided with a -depending lug or boss 39 (see Fig. 1) provided with a hole 40 which extends therethrough, which hole opens upon the upper side of the closed end portion 38 of the member 37. The holes 35 are of such size that the rods 12 lit the same closely, as indicated. Metal spacing sleeves 42 are mounted upon the rods 12 between the upper side of the ilange of the member 23 and the lower side of the flange 36 of the member 37. Nuts 45, one of which preferably should be a lock nut, are secured to the upper ends of the rods 12 and when screwed down operate to bin-d and hold the said rods, the condenser plates 3, and the angular plate members 23, 15 and 37 together to form a rigid structure.

The rods 13 are connected at their lower ends within openings 50 arranged at intervals through the laterally and outwardly extending flange 51 of the plate member 52, the inner surface of which is of a contour or shape identical with that of the condenser `plates 3. The openings 50 are arranged in alternate relation to larger openings 54 through which the sleeves 20, previously referred to, extend as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The lowermost of the group of plates which is supported upon the rods 13 rests upon the upper ends of metal sleeves 55 which are identical in construction with the sleeves 22 previously referred to. The successive plates which are supported upon the rods 13 are separated from each other by sleeves 55. The upper ends of the rods 13 extend through openings 57 arranged at intervals in the laterally and outwardly extending flange of the truncated cone-shaped plate 27. These openings are arranged alternately with respect to the relatively large openings 26 (see also Fig. 6). The uppermost condenser plate of the group of plates supported upon the rods 13 is spaced from the lower ends of bosses or downwardly extending projections 58 upon the member 27 by means of metal sleeves 60 identical in construction with the sleeves 2O previously referred to. The openings 57 are alternately arranged with respect to the relatively large openings 26. Nuts 61 engage the upper ends of the rods 13 and operate to bind the member 52, the condenser plates mounted upon the rods 13, the rods themselves, and

A 66 to form a shoulder at 67 which rests upon the upper end of a tubular member 68 (see also Fig. 6) of solid dielectric material the lower end of which rests upon a shoulder 69 upon the inner side of the member 23. It will be recalled that the member 23 is secured tothe rods 12 and that the lower side of the laterally and outwardly extending flange thereof rests upon the uppermost ofthe spacing sleeves 22 upon the said rods. The rods 13 together with the plates and other members secured thereto are, throughthe plate member 27, the member 68, and the plate 23, suspended upon and are supported by the rods 12. The latter are in turn supported by the truncated cone-shaped member 37 The latter is supported upon the inner ends arranged upon the cylinder one hundred and twenty degrees (120) apart.

For the purpose of reventing the magnetic iron oxide, which is ormed during the welding of theptop or cover 2 to the up er end portion of the side wall of the tang, from falling or workin its way into the body of the tank around t e edge of the flange 36 of the member 37 I have rovided metal rings 75 which are laced wit in the tank immediately above t e outer edge of the flan 36 and directly below the lower edges o the cover 2.

Before inserting or placing the condenser plate structure, which comprises the two groups of plates bound together upon the respective ups of rods 12 and 13, into the tank 1 it 1s necessary that the group of plates mounted upon the rods 13 which are suspended from the outer edge portion of the plate 27 shall be properly centered with respectto the plates supported upon the rods 12. For the purpose of effecting such centering I have provided an annular plate member 80 of solid dielectric material (see also Fig. 4) which is secured to laterally extending lugs 81 (see Figs. 1 and 4) upon the outer lower side ofthe plate member 52. The cuter peripheral circular edge of the annular plate member 80 is situated within the depending flange 16 of the annular plate memher 15. The said flange is provided with three adjustable screws S (see also Fig. 4) the inner ends of which are pointed as shown and contact with the outer sides of circular or disk-shaped plates 86 of dielectric material which are secured to the peripheral edge of the annular plate member 80. By adjustment of the screws 85, the inner ends of which are in contact with the disk-shaped plates 86, the annular plate member 80 may be adjusted so as to vary the position of the respective groups of condenser plates with respect to efch other so as to effect the centering thereo The purpose is to position the two groups in such relation with respect to each other that the centers of the'said plates shall be in alinement with each other.

It will be apparent that the two groups of plates mounted upon the rods 12 and 13 are insulated from each other.

Upon an inspection of the. construction as disclosed in Fig. 1 of the drawings it will be apparent that the spaces between the flanges 6 of the plates 3 are greater than the spaces between the tapered and central por.- tions 4 and 5 of said plates. It will also be observed that the. distances between the central portions of the said plates are greater than those between the intermediate tapered portions of said plates. This arrangement is of very great advantage because there is greater liability of spark-over between the edges of the plates than between the intermediate portions thereof, due to flux concentration at the edges of the plates. It is also of advantage that the spacing of the central spherical portions of the plates should be s igthly greater than the spacing between the intermediate 'tapered portions of said plates in order to insure against spark-over.

t may be noted, however, that by reason of the fact that a gaseous medium, namely carbonic acid gas and a small proportion of oxygen, is employed as the dielectric within the tank thamoccurrance of spark-over would not cause danage to the gaseous dielectric because of the restorative ualities and characteristics of such gases. lthough it is proposed to employ a mixture of carbonio acid gas with a small portion of oxygen, about two percent (2%), it will be understood that other suitable fluid substances may be employd, such as nitrogen, or even a suitable For the purpose of placing the condenser plate structure, comprising the two groups of condenser plates and rods bound together as previously described, within the tank a hook. or ring, not shown, is secured within the screw threaded opening in the upper end of a rod or bar 90 which extends between the plate 37 and the plate 23. The said hook or ring may be engaged by a suitable lifting device for lifting and lowering the condenser plate structure into the said tank. The lower reduced end portion of the rod 90 extends into an opening in a projection 91 which extends upwardly from the upper concaved side of the plate 23. The function of the rod 90 is to hold the members 23 and 37 in spaced relation to each other when the two groups of condenser plates are bound to ether.

ne side of the electric circuit (not shown) is connected at 100 (see Figs. 1 and 2) or elsewhere to the grounded tank, and through the latter and intermediate portions of the structure with the plates mounted upon the rods 12. In other words, the plates upon the rods 12 are also grounded.

The other side of the. circuit is connected to a terminal at 101 which is situated at the outer end of a tubular casing 102 of a suitable dielectric material. The inner end of the said casing 102 is connected to a cylindrical metal sleeve 103 the contour of the inner surface of which is of the generall shape indicated. The said sleeve is connected within an opening 104 through the bottom of the tank casing 1. It will be seen, therefore, that the interior of the tank is in communication with the interior of the terminal casing 102. The lead 107, which is electrically connected with the terminal 101, is connected at its inner end to a cap-like member 108 which is supported upon the outer ends of bent wires 109 the inner ends of which are secured to the angular plate all as clearly shown in Fig. 1 By the employment of members 52, of the drawings.

bent wires as indicated means is provided l are :secure-d.

The tank together with the structure contained therein is supported upon a frame structure comprising legs 110 (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3) the lower ends of which are secure-d to a base portion 111 while the upper ends thereof are secured in tubular sleeve-like` seats 112. The upper ends of these tubular sleeve-like seats contact with and are secured by welding or otherwise to the lower end of the tank.

The gaseous dielectric medium previously referred to is introduced into the tank through a valve controlled opening at 115.

I shall not enter into a description of the valve control for the said opening because it constitutes no part of my present invention. The pressure of the dielectric within the tank is indicated by a pressure gauge at 120.

It will be understood that the terminal 101 is adapted to be connected with the other side of the electric circuit previously referred to.

If the con-denser plates were plane, as 1s usual, the spacing required would be-that necessary to prevent spark-over at the edges where flux concentration occurs. It will be apparent that with a given edge spacing an increased permittance is obtained when plates of the configuration shown are used which is due to the closer spacing between the conical or tapered and spherical portions thereof. Hence an advantageous feature of the invention is that increased permittance is obtained, due to the configuration of the condenser plates.

This advantageous feature of the invention may be expressed or indicated in voltage gradients, as follows: Between parallel plane condenser plates usually employed in condenser construction the voltage gradient is practically uniform except at the edges where flux concentration occurs and where there is maximum voltage gradient. This maximum gradient at the edges is greatly in excess of the practically uniform gradient which occurs elsewhere. In the construction, as shown, which embodies my invention, the maximum voltage gradient also occurs at the edges of theplates but is not much in excess of the voltage gradient between the conical or tapered portions of the plates and because of the fact that the areas of the said conical portions are very much in excess of the areas of the flange portions thereof it follows that there is but little difference between the maximum voltage gradient at the edges and the average voltage gradient between the plates as a Whole. But, as already indicated, the condition is quite different where parallel plane plates are used in which the maximum voltage gradient at the edges is greatly in excess of the average voltage gradient. It will be seen, moreover, that the construction provided by this invention makes possible the achievement in practice 'of the above-mentioned advantageous feature in a manner thoroughly practical, highly efficient and by way of a construction which may be readily and inexpensively manufactured, quickly assembled and, moreover, one which lends itself to quantity production. The construction will be seento be rugged and durable, compact, electrically of high efficiency in that it is possible to utilize a minimum of solid dielectric or insulating material, and well adapted to meet the varying conditions of hard practical use.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention and as many changes might be made. in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates and spacer members therebetween, a plurality of pendant rods upon which said plates and spacer members are strung, a second group of plates alternated with said first-mentioned plates and spacer members therebetween, a plurality of rods upon which the plates of said second group and their associated spacer members are strung, and means for pendantly supporting said last-mentioned rods from an upper plate of said first-mentioned group.

2. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates and spacer members therebetween, a plurality of pendant rods upon which said plates and spacer members are strung, a second group of plates alternated with said first-mentioned plates and spacer members therebetween, a plurality of rods upon which the plates of said second group and their associated spacer members are strung, means suspending said second group of plates from the uppermost plate of said first group` said means including insulating means interposed between the upper ends of said last-mentioned rods and the uppermost plate of said first group, and means for preventing said second group of plates from moving upwardly with respect to said panse, said plates being held in spaced rela.-

tion, means mechanically connecting alternate plates to form one group of plates, means mechanically connecting the remaining plates to form another group, a ringlike member connected to one group, a member within said ring-like member connected to the other group, and manually operable 'means operatively connecting said two members for determining the relation of the axis of one group to the axis ofthe other group.

4. In condenser construction, in combina, tion, a series of condenser plates, each of substantially the same shape and lateral expanse, said plates being held in spacedvrelation, means mechanically connecting alternate plates to form one group of plates, means mechanically connecting the remaining plates Ato form another group, and means mechanically but non-conductively connecting both of said connecting means at one end of sald series of superimposed plates, said last-mentioned means including means operable to move one of said connecting means laterally of the other.

, 5. In condenser construction, in combination, a series of condenser plates, each of substantially the same shape and lateral expanse, said plates being held in spaced relation, means mechanically connecting alternate plates to form one group of plates, means mechanically connecting the remaining plates to form another group mechanically substantially distinct from said first group and movable relative thereto, said connecting means and said plates being arranged so that the former are encompassed within the lateral expanse of said plates, and means for supporting said two connecting means and adapted upon operation thereof to cause relative movement between said two groups of plates.

6. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank, a series of condenser lates held in spaced relation means for ho ding said series of plates 1n substantial alinement means for supporting said last-mentioned means at one end thereof within said tank, an electrode, a high tension lead passing through an opening in said tank and rigidly held in predetermined relation to said electrode, and yieldable means electrically connecting said lead to a plate remote from said supporting means, whereby upon expansion of said holding means, the relation between said lead and said electrode remains unchan d.

7. h condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates, means for holding said plates in spaced relation, rods fixed at one end and arranged to mechanically support the plates of said oup, a second rou of plates alternated with the plates o sai iirst group, means for holdin the plates of said second group in spaced re ation, rods for mechanically holding the plates of said second group in substantia alinement, and

means supporting said two sets of rods with respect to one another ada ted, upon expansion of said rods taking p ace, to cause the expansion of the rods of one set to com nsate for the expansion of the rods ofthe ot er.

8. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates, means for holding said plates in spaced relation, rods lixed at one end and arranged to mechanically support the plates of said group, a second group of plates alternated with the plates of said Hirst group, means for holding the plates of said second group in spaced relatlon, rods for mechanically holding the plates of said second group in substantial alinement, and means adapted upon manipulation to effect relative movement between said two groups for alining one group of plates with respect to the other.

9. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates, means for holding said plates in spaced relation, rods fixed at one end and arranged to mechanically support the plates of said group, a second group of plates alternated with the plates of said first group, means for holding the plates of said second group in spaced relation, rods for mechanicallyholding the plates of said second group in substantial alinement, and means adapted upon manipulation to effect relative movement between the adjacent ends of said rods, one with respect to the other, thereby to aline the plates of one group with the plates of the other group.

10. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates, means for holding said plates in spaced relation, rods fixed at one end and arranged to mechanically support the plates of said group, a second group of plates alternated with the plates of said iirst group, means for holding the plates of said second group in spaced relation, rods for mechanically holding the plates of said second group in substantial alinement, means for securing one end of each of the rods of one set with respect to the adjacent ends of the rods of the other set, thereby to aline the plates at one end of each of said groups, and means adapted upon operation to move the other ends of the rods of one set with respect to the adjacent ends of the rods of the other set, thereby to aline the plates at the other ends of said two groups.

l1. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates, means for holding said plates in spaced relation, rods fixed at one end and arranged to mechanically support the plates of said group, a second roup of plates alternated with the plates o said first group, means for holdin the plates of said second group in spaced re ation, rods for mechanically holding the plates of said second group in substantial alinement, and

said first-mentioned group, and means forl supporting said second-mentioned group of plates in depending relation but from the upper end of said first group of plates.

13. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially circular crosssection, a series of condenser plates having a circular periphery and each of substantially the same shape and lateral expanse, said plates being held in spaced relation, means' connecting alternate plates to form one group of plates, means carrying the remaining plates to form another group, manually operable means for substantially centering one of said groups of plates Within said tank, and manually operable means for centering one of said groups of plates with respect to the other.

' 14. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially circular crosssection, a series of condenser plates having a circular periphery and each of' substantially the same shape and lateral expanse, said .plates being held in spaced relation, means connecting alternate plates to form one group of plates, means connecting the remaining plates to form another group, said connecting means and said plates being arranged so that the former are encompassed within the periphery of the latter, and means for supporting said series of plates within said tank and including manually operable means adapted to substantially center the "former within the latter.

15. In condenser construction, in combination, a series of condenser plates held in spaced relation, each comprising a substantially conical shaped main body portion and an outwardly extending ange, means for mechanically connecting alternate plates of said series to form one group of plates, means for mechanically connecting the remaining plates of said series to form another group, and manually operable means for alining one group of plates with the other.

16. In condenser construction, in combination, a series of condenser plates held in spaced relation, each comprising a substantlally conical shaped main body portion and an outwardly extending flange, means for mechanically connecting alternate plates of said series to form one group of plates, means for mechanically connecting the remaining plates of said series to form another group, said connecting means and said plates being arranged so that the former are encompassed within the expanse of`\said outwardly extending flange of' said plates, and means operable manually to cause relative movement between said groups for alining one group of plates with the other.

17. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially circular crosssection, a series of concave condenser plates each havin@ a diameter less than the inside diameter of said tank, said plates being nested one within the other but in spaced relation, means for mechanically holding said plates in two groups and in spacedrelation, said plates and said means being arranged so that the latter is encompassed within the periphery of the former, means for supporting said series of plates in said tank but spaced from the`wall thereof, and manually operable means for effecting such relative movement between said two groups of plates as will effect equidistant spacings between adjacent concave condenser plates.

18. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of' substantially circular crosssection, a series of concave condenser plates each having a diameter less than the inside diameter of said tank, said plates being nested one within the other but in spaced relation, means for mechanically connecting alternate plates to form one group thereof, means for mechanically connecting the remaining plates to form another group thereo'f, said connecting means and said plates being arranged so that the former is encompassed within the periphery of the latter, means for supporting said series of condenser plates Within said tank but spaced from the wall thereof, and manually operable means for effecting such relative movement between said two groups of plates as will eiect equidistant spacings between adjacent concave condenser plates.

19. A condenser comprising a series of condenser plates having tapered intermediate portions terminating in rounded portions, and also having lateral flanges arranged in planes substantially at right angles to the axis of the said series of plates, a tank, means for suspending one group of said series of plates from said tank, andvmeans for suspending the other group of said plates from the supporting means for the first named group, the plates of one group bein-g alternatively arranged with respect to the plates of the other group, substantially as described.

20. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates positioned one above the other, means for holding said plates in spaced relation, a second group of plates, the plates of which are arranged in spaced relation and alternated with the plates of said first-mentioned group, and means for supporting said second-mentioned group of plates in depending relation from an upper end portion of said first group of plates.

21. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially circular crosssection, a group of plates held in s aced relation, a second group of plates hel in spaced relation, the plates of one group being interleaved with the plates of the other grou ,said grouped plates being shaped to have a ateral expanse falling within the compass of the circular cross-section of said tank, a ring-like member in mechanical connection wit vone group of plates for predetermining the position of the latter within said tank, and manually movable means for predeterminin the position of the other grou of plates wit respect to said ring-like mem er.

22. In condenser construction, in combination, atank of substantially circular crosssection, a condenser therein formed of a-plurality of interleaved plate members, means including a plurality of rods extending substantially in the direction of the axis of said tank for holding said plate-like members in 25 assembled relation, a member adapted to be fitted into said tank and substantially at one end thereof for holding said rods at one end of the latter, a member adapted to be fitted into the other end of said tank and holdin I0 said rods at the other end of the latter, an

a plurality of adjustable devices interposed between one of said members and said tank. A 23. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially circular 35 cross-section, a condenser therein formed of a plurality of interleaved late members, means including a plurality o rods extendin substantially in the direction of the axis o said tank for holding said plate-like members in assembled relatlon, means substantially at one end of said tank for anchoring said rods at one end of the latter within the tank, and means connected to said rods at substantially the other end thereof and adapted to enga e the interior of said tank for holding sai ends of said rods against displacement transversely of the axis of said tank.

24. In condenser construction, in combination, a group of plates positioned one above the other, means for holding said spaced relation, a second group of p ates, the plates of which are arranged 1n spaced relation and alternated with the plates of said i first-mentioned grou a Huid dielectric for 5,5 insulating plates of 'Herent potentials, and means including a member of solid dielectric material for supporting said second-mentioned group of plates in de endin relation from an upper end portion of' said rst group of plates.

25. In condenser construction, in combinaplates in denser, and means for substantially closing olf the portion of said tank containing sai condenser from the portion throughout which said closure is welded to said tank, thereby to prevent access to said condenser of scale formed during the welding.

26. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantially circular crosssection, a condenser therein formed of a plurality of interleaved plate members, means for holding said plate members in assembled relation, and a ring-like member adapted to be secured within said tank and substantially at one end thereof, said last-mentioned means being secured to said member and said condenser being thereby suspended by said member.

27. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank of substantiall circular crosssection havin a closing en thereof formed to provide a ange extending into an end of said tank, a condenser therein formed of a plurality of interleaved plate members and havin its axis extending substantially in the same irection as the axis of said tank, means for holding said plate members in assembled relation, and means relating said holding means to said flange' so that the latter, when said closing end of said tank is secured to the latter, prevents tilting of said condenser with respect to said container. Y

28. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank open at one end thereof and having means projecting inwardly thereof adjacent said open en a condenser therein formed of a plurality of interleaved plate members, means for holding said plate members in assembled relation, means inserted into said tank and restin upon said inwardly projecting means, sald holdin means being connected to said last-mentione means and a closure resting upon said inserted means and secured to said tank.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have hereunto signed my name this 13th da of Februar 1924.

F ANKLIN SMITH.

tion, a tank, a condenser therein formed of a plurality of interleaved (plate members, said tank having a closure a apted to be welded thereto after tbe insertion therein of said con- 

